| Warranties are provided for under the Uniform
Commercial Code. Every contract for purchase or sale should be
accompanied by a warranty and disclaimer statement. Some of the
sections of the California Commercial Code discussing warranties are the
following:
2-313
(1) Express warranties by the seller are created as follows:
(a) Any
affirmation of fact or promise made by the seller to the buyer which
relates to the goods and becomes part of the basis of the bargain
creates an express warranty that the goods shall conform to the
affirmation or promise.
(b) Any description of the goods which is made
part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the
goods shall conform to the description.
(c) Any sample or model which is
made part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that
the whole of the goods shall conform to the sample or model.
(2) It is
not necessary to the creation of an express warranty that the seller use
formal words such as "warrant" or "guarantee" or
that he have a specific intention to make a warranty, but an affirmation
merely of the value of the goods or a statement purporting to be merely
the seller's opinion or commendation of the goods does not create a
warranty.
2-314
(1) Unless excluded or modified (Section 2316), a warranty that the
goods shall be merchantable is implied in a contract for their sale if
the seller is a merchant with respect to goods of that kind. Under this
section the serving for value of food or drink to be consumed either on
the premises or elsewhere is a sale.
(2) Goods to be merchantable must
be at least such as
(a) Pass without objection in the trade under the
contract description; and
(b) In the case of fungible goods, are of fair
average quality within the description; and
(c) Are fit for the ordinary
purposes for which such goods are used; and
(d) Run, within the
variations permitted by the agreement, of even kind, quality and
quantity within each unit and among all units involved; and
e) Are
adequately contained, packaged, and labeled as the agreement may
require; and
(f) Conform to the promises or affirmations of fact made on
the container or label if any.
(3) Unless excluded or modified (Section
2316) other implied warranties may arise from course of dealing or usage
of trade.
2-315
Where the seller at the time of contracting has reason to know any
particular purpose for which the goods are required and that the buyer
is relying on the seller's skill or judgment to select or furnish
suitable goods, there is unless excluded or modified under the next
section an implied warranty that the goods shall be fit for such
purpose. |